Definition and Use of Strikethrough

A strikethrough is a horizontal line drawn through text, used to indicate the deletion of an error or the removal of text in a draft. If your work is edited or proofed professionally on paper, understanding common revision and editing symbols and abbreviations will help you process the suggested changes. Strikethroughs are used to recommend the deletion of material in traditional editing processes.In modern social-media contexts, a strikethrough thats shown is sometimes used ironically.In some technical contexts, the history of document changes, including struck passages, serves a valuable public purpose. Conventional Uses of Strikethroughs In document editing, both by hand and through computer-aided editing, a strikethrough conveys the editors intent that the material in question ought to be deleted. A strikethrough is a basic copyediting symbol; in ink-on-paper proofreading, a strikethrough is accompanied by a loop at the end of the line to signify deletion. Editing using the track-changes feature in Microsoft Word, by contrast, indicates the deletion through the use of a red strikethrough. When you revise the document using Words reviewing tools, youll either accept or reject the proposed deletion. If you accept it, the struck text vanishes; if you reject it, the strikethrough vanishes and the text remains as-is.   When you encounter strikethroughs in documents that display in black, it suggests that someone intends an edit but isnt using the Track Changes feature. Public Use Cases for Strikethroughs Beyond the one-to-one document editing, the strikethrough can serve as a public record of changes, reflecting who made what revision at what time. The use of sophisticated version-control systems like Git, Subversion, or Mercurial allow people to change a document (usually with symbols that resemble a Track Changes project, including strikethroughs), but each change is captured with a version record that can be viewed over time. For example, Washington, D.C. publishes city laws using a service called Github. Anyone can view the districts complete set of regulations, including noting what changes were made at specific dates. One author proposed a minor typographic tweak to the districts online laws — a change that the D.C. legal administrator accepted. Not many municipalities, let alone other governmental agencies or public corporations, publish their official documents in this manner, but if more people did, it might enhance transparency and public engagement. Alternative Uses of Strikethroughs Online communication sometimes uses these strikethroughs to communicate, usually with intended humorous irony, that the non-stricken language is official and the text with a strike-through represents the writers genuine, unfiltered opinion. In this context, the strikethrough isnt actually a proofreading symbol, but rather a line through the text. In Microsoft Word or Microsoft Outlook, you can apply a strikethrough (or a double-strikethrough) effect on text without invoking any sort of editing tools. You can even color it red to mimic a track-changes edit. This alternative use of strike-through text: Is intended to be viewedReflects an opinion that shouldnt be expressed using that wordingCan sometimes lightly veil an insultHas nothing to do with document editing Youll see this alternative approach most often in blog postings and social media, where the implied snark is more accepted than it might be in formal business contexts.

Financial Analysis of Sobeys Inc. - 1604 Words

Financial Analysis of Sobeys Inc. This report is based on the consolidated financial statements of Sobeys Inc. for the years 2011 and 2012 with some reference and calculations from 2010 as well. The audit was performed by Grant Thorton chartered accountants. Office location is Suite 1100, 2000 Barrington Street, Halifax, NS. Calculations are based on GAPP numbers provided in these statements. IFRS standards have been adjusted at the end of the financial statements if reference is needed for those standards. Short term Liquidity Sobeys Inc. current ratio drops from an acceptable 1.59 in 2011 to .963 in 2012. Being in the grocery industry this is not uncommon as inventories are higher because of the high inventory turnover rate which†¦show more content†¦Long-Term Credit Risk Sobeys Inc. Debt Ratio in 2012 was 54.2%, meaning that 54.2% of assets have been financed by debt and has a slightly higher degree of leverage than what is considered comfortable. It could prove slightly harder if a recession happened than a company who is only leveraged at 30% to 40%, However, this ratio does not provide any indication of the asset quality being taken into consideration. The ratio did drop from the 2011 value of 55.1% The firm shows positive health for the Shareholders Equity with an equity ratio of 44.2% in 2011 and increasing to 45.2% in 2012. Calculating the percent of total assets that shareholders would receive in the event of company liquidation looks positive and very healthy for any investors or shareholders of this firm. The interest coverage ratio is also at a value that is significantly positive 14.0% in 2011 and 12.8% in 2012. Although 2021 shows a decrease, the company is still very capable of generating sufficient revenues to cover their interest payments on any debt they have incurred. Measures of profitability Profit Margin (Return on sales) is a steady 24% for both 2011 and 2012. This value is above the average, typical or normal ratio for the grocery industry of 20%. This average value comes from a study by Paul Weyland, communications strategist (Weyland, 2009, PDF file). Competition keeps prices at aShow MoreRelatedLoblaws Case Study Essay3205 Words   |  13 PagesNicosia 500198044 TABLE OF CONTENTS Strategic Recommendations 3 Appendix A: Industrial Analysis 6 B: PEST Analysis 6 C: Key Driving Forces 7 D: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 7 E: Strategic Group Map 7 F: Key Strategic Factors 8 G: Competitor Analysis 8 H: Attractiveness of Industry 8 I: Mission and Vision Statement 8 J: Value Chain 9 K: Financial Analysis 9 L: SWOT Analysis 10 M: Issues 10 N: Rationale for Issues 10 O: Execution Strategies 10 Strategic RecommendationsRead MoreThe Canadian Market And The American Market2233 Words   |  9 Pagesmoves towards its share increase. However, it is important to observe that the company operates in a highly competitive and regulated sector, which subjects the company to the following external environmental factors, obtained through a PEST analysis. PEST Analysis Political: Being the third largest employer in Canada, Loblaw is highly susceptible to changes in labour regulations, such as provincial minimum wage (Loblaw Companies Ltd., 2015). After acquiring Shoppers Drug Mart and its private label over-the-counterRead MoreValue Chain Analysis of Coca Cola3324 Words   |  14 Pages NAME: ABBA SURNAME: CHABATA REG NUMBER: R0223518 CLASS: MASTERS IN MARKETING STRATEGY LEVEL: LEVEL 1.1 MODULE: CORPORATE STRATEGY (MMRK 704) Individual Assignment, Due March 2012 Craft a Value Chain Analysis for an organization you are familiar with. Introduction The value chain approach was developed by Michael Porter in the 1980s in his book â€Å"Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance† (Porter, 1985). The conceptRead MoreChapter 5 Financial Accounting Answers11459 Words   |  46 Pages | | | |5A | |Journalize, post, and prepare adjusted trial balance and financial statements. | |Moderate | |40-50 | | | | | | | | | |6A | |Prepare financial statements and calculate profitability ratios. | |Moderate | |40-50 | | Read MoreMarketing planning at Just Us Cafe7940 Words   |  32 Pages0, this report starts with analysis the current and future market situation at Just Us cafes using the 5C analysis framework. It also highlights ethical trading issues that have faced the company and it postulates some of the remedies that the Industry should adopt to eliminate unethical practices and ensure that all the companies in the Industry are operating on the same playing ground. In section 2.0, the report also uses the BCG matrix to classify and analysis the competitiveness of JustRead MoreRogers Chocolates Strategic Analysis28280 Words   |  114 Pagesof operations, external analysis, internal analysis, and the plan of action which will be developed in-depth in the body and appendices of the assessment report. This individual assignment challenged my ability to write throughout this writing intensive course. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Apple Analysis 5 Areas of Operation 5 Present Strategic Profile 6 Performance Assessment 6 Leadership and Governance 6 Essential Challenges 7 External Analysis 7 Current Industry FrameworkRead MoreAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 Pagesto reduce risk. An illustrative case study to examine implementation trends was developed through the examination of current on-farm food safety issues and programs, with specific focus on the Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Growers (OGVG) hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP)- based initiative. In 2003, OGVG s 200 members had a combined farm-gate value of $350 million and represented 41 per cent of North American greenhouse vegetable production. Program implementation barriers identified

Assess the Impact of the Suez Crisis on the Conservative Free Essays

Assess the impact of the Suez crisis on the conservative party 1955-1959 The conservative party managed to recuperate after the Suez crisis, which was a major low point in the party’s history. But how could the party bounce back after such a major event? The conservative’s policies changed to cater of everyone with re-established the conservatives as a strong party. The Suez crisis greatly affected the conservative party as a whole. We will write a custom essay sample on Assess the Impact of the Suez Crisis on the Conservative or any similar topic only for you Order Now For an example the lack of trust with the party. Eden secretly colluded with the Israelis, even when this want known by the public the war between the Israelis and the Egyptians looked like a convenient excuse to seize the canal. However aside from this inconvenience the conservative’s social policies had changed increasing the party’s popularity. Such as the economic prosperity at the time. Things such as TVs were becoming increasingly common in people homes. White good such as fridges and washing machines were too becoming increasingly common this prosperity ment people didn’t want change because the quality of life was getting better and there was no need for a change in government. And, as a result of perhaps the most distinctive Conservative policy of these years, home ownership rose from some 30 per cent to nearly 50 per cent, as the famous pledge given in 1950 to build 300, 000 new homes a year was redeemed by Macmillan as Housing Minister after 1951 – giving substance to the great Tory ideal of a property-owning democracy popularised by Anthony Eden after the war, as did the increase in personal savings from under ? 200 million to nearly ? 2, 000 million. Welfarism was also a policy of the conservative party, it ment that the poor were looked after by the government more than before by being provided council houses and of course the free healthcare provided by the NHS. The post-war „baby boom? meant that there was in any case a need for more schools and teachers, but a series of reports arguably both highlighted the importance of education and influenced policy development. The Education Act 1944 had laid the foundations for a system of secondary education grounded in the idea of selection through the „11-plus? xamination, with some children progressing to grammar schools and others to secondary moderns, and in some places technical schools. However, during the 1950s a number of local authorities began to introduce an alternative model, comprehensive schools, but the Conservative Party, including in its general election manifestos in 1955 and 1959 manifestos promised to defend and develop grammar schools. Following the Whi te Paper Secondary education for all a major school building programme took place, albeit mainly of secondary moderns. Within higher education, university colleges such as Sheffield and Southampton were upgraded to university status, and even before the publication of the Robbins report approval was given for seven new universities, including East Anglia, Lancaster, Warwick and York. The economic policy of the Conservative Party is to help create the conditions in which the British people can steadily improve their standard of living. By the end of the decade, things were not going well. Staying in the Middle East had led step-by-step to the confrontation with President Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt, and the disastrous decision to seek his overthrow by force in collusion with Israel. The 1956 Suez Crisis was a savage revelation of Britain’s financial and military weakness and destroyed much of what remained of Britain’s influence in the Middle East. In the colonial territories, more active interference in social and economic matters, with a view to speeding the pace of development, had aroused wide opposition and strengthened nationalist movements. The economic policies of the conservative party were unconventional, such as using Keynesian economics, which was more on the socialist side. But sorting out unemployment was one of the reasons the party survived; it made them more popular with the working class. Keynes stated that Unemployment was due to a deficiency in the demand for goods and services. Governments could, by adjusting their own spending, overcome that deficiency. Control of the money supply and interest rates could also influence investment. Macmillan was convinced that this would solve the unemployment. The intervention in Suez was a disaster. US President Dwight Eisenhower was incensed. World opinion, especially that of the United States, together with the threat of Soviet intervention, forced Britain, France and Israel to withdraw their troops from Egypt. In Britain too there had been widespread outrage. A United Nations peacekeeping force was sent in to supervise the ceasefire and to restore order. The Suez Canal was cleared and reopened, but Britain in particular found it’s standing with the US weakened and its influence ‘east of Suez’ diminished by the incident. The Suez Crisis strained Anglo-American relations, but as Cold War Allies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) they continued to cooperate, and by 1962 Britain had adopted the US Polaris missile system. During the period of opposition between the conservsatives and labour, the feud between the Gaitskellites and Bevanites continued. In 1954 Gaitskell and Bevan ran against each other for the position of Treasurer of the Labour Party, which was seen as a stepping-stone to the position of Party Leader. Gaitskell defeated Bevan. Following Labour’s defeat in the 1955 election, Attlee announced his retirement as Party Leader. In the leadership election, the Labour left rallied around Bevan, while the Labour right was split between Gaitskell and Herbert Morrison. Gaitskell defeated both, gaining almost sixty percent of the vote, and on December 14, 1955, became both Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition. Harold Macmillan took over as Prime Minister after Eden had resigned over the Suez crises. Soon after his appointment, Macmillan took part in a Ministerial broadcast so he could introduce himself to the British people. After seeing his performance, Macmillan commented that he had the â€Å"appearance of a corpse looking out of a window† and decided to learn television techniques. With his government losing by-elections and behind in the polls, Macmillan was confident enough to create events for television. During 1959 he visited the Soviet Union and made brief tours of most European countries. In August 1959 he invited the BBC to No 10 Downing Street so a live informal discussion with the American President Eisenhower could be shown on television. Afterwards both leaders went on to a dinner party held in No 10. The broadcast gave the impression of a statesman like Macmillan who was above politics. The following week, Macmillan announced the date of a General Election, which he would win by a landslide victory. Macmillan knew that television was an important part of politics. The conservative party’s reputation declined after the Suez crisis. However the conservative party managed to recover quickly, from foreign policy to housing the party changed radically, incorporating socialist policies such as Keynesian economics and increasing spending on the welfare state. Altogether the socialist side of the party played to their advantage and the party stayed in power for 13 years. The Suez crisis was handled badly by Eden but after his resignation everything improved from housing to the economy. How to cite Assess the Impact of the Suez Crisis on the Conservative, Essay examples

Annotated Bibliography

Question: Explore and evaluate why people cross the line and make unethical decisions given their environment and situation in life. Answer: Introduction Unethical behaviour is referred to as an action which is considered as morally wrong for an individual or for a profession or an industry. In many organizations it can be seen that the employees are not obeying the ethics of the organization willing and unwillingly. Annotated bibliography Zey-Ferrell, M., Weaver, K. M., Ferrell, O. C. (1979). Predicting unethical behavior among marketing practitioners.Human Relations,32(7), 557-569. The book describes the 6 prediction of unethical behaviour, marketers believes, marketers thinking about what his peers believe, thinking of the marketer about what the top management believes, what the marketer thinks about the work is done by his peers, The thinking of marketer about the opportunity of the peers have to be involved in unethical behaviour, The opportunity of the marketer to be involved in the unethical activity. Bommer, M., Gratto, C., Gravander, J., Tuttle, M. (1987). A behavioral model of ethical and unethical decision making.journal of Business Ethics,6(4), 265-280. A model has been developed which can describe the factors influencing the ethical and unethical behaviour of an organization. It is included the decision makers legal as well as social work and also included the professional and personal environment. Sims, R. R. (1992). Linking groupthink to unethical behavior in organizations.Journal of Business Ethics,11(9), 651-662. This paper describes mainly four things. First of all the contribution of groupthink to the unethical activity. Then it describes the contribution of groupthink to unethical activity in three companies (Beech-Nut, E.F. Hutton, salomon brothers). The paper also describes the symptoms of groupthink and lastly it describes some process to reduce the groupthink. Vitell, S. J., Davis, D. L. (1990). The relationship between ethics and job satisfaction: An empirical investigation.Journal of Business Ethics,9(6), 489-494. Relation between ethics and job satisfaction has been examined in detailed in MIS profession and as a result the relation between ethics and job satisfaction can be described properly. The dimensions of job satisfactions are, satisfaction of pay, promotions, with co-workers and supervisors and with work itself. Ferrell, O. C., LeClair, D. T., Ferrell, L. (1998). The federal sentencing guidelines for organizations: A framework for ethical compliance.journal of Business Ethics,17(4), 353-363. After debating for a long period of time federal government has decided that the ethics is like buffer for an organization which can manage any legal aspects in the organization. Federal sentencing guideline (FSG) is an outline for the managers to improve the ethics in the organizations. References Ferrell, O. C., LeClair, D. T., Ferrell, L. (1998). The federal sentencing guidelines for organizations: A framework for ethical compliance.journal of Business Ethics,17(4), 353-363. Zey-Ferrell, M., Weaver, K. M., Ferrell, O. C. (1979). Predicting unethical behavior among marketing practitioners.Human Relations,32(7), 557-569. Annotated Bibliography Question: What is the Annotated Bibliography ? Answer : Introducation McMurray, J., Adamopoulos, S., Anker, S., Auricchio, A., Bohm, M., Dickstein, K.,Ponikowski, P. (2012). ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. European Heart Journal, 33(14), 1787-1847. In this article, McMurray et al., reported evidence based plan which will assist health professionals to analyze and treat patients suffering from chronic heart diseases. The authors attempted to compile comprehensive survey of the available evidence on problems related to chronic heart patients. Then authors developed guidelines for treatment of cardiac problems that include the most current research and recommendations to be implemented in clinical practices. The article will be useful for the physicians to select the best management strategies for a patient with chronic heart problems. The diagnosis of the patients with prevailing symptoms and treatments with recommendations will be easily accessed from the given guidelines. In the guidelines, even the recommendations with supportive evidences are provided with grades. It ensures ease for the practitioners to follow. Hence, the developed guidelines for heart related problems are blend of scientific researched recommendations, clin ical expertise and patient ethics. The recommendations are only to guide practice in clinical situations. Like a properly formulated guideline, the evidence levels, recommendation grades, and the interconnection between them is explicit here. The only limitation of using guideline is, they intend to address specific clinical conditions and fail to cope up with uncertainties of existing clinical practices. Murray, M., Tu., W, Wu, J., Morrow, D., Smith, F., Brater, D. (2009). Factors associated with exacerbation of heart failure include treatment adherence and health literacy skills. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 85(6), 651-658. In this paper, Murray et al. studied the factors which directly influence and aggravate health condition of heart failure patients. Due to cardiovascular problems or socioeconomic determinants, heart failures occurs which results into emergency visits to hospitals. The authors took comprehensive set 192 participants to carry out the trials and eventually found that the incidence of emergency hospitalizations was higher in patients who failed to receive medications from pharmacy. These results call attention for the need of thorough instructions to the patients about their medication. Hence, the patients with literacy skills shall be able to understand and decide upon self- management of chronic heart diseases provided, the clinically damaging factors are in check. These patients had lesser chance of hospitalization due to heart failure. The authors concluded that non-adherence to the treatment and insufficient health related knowledge such as reading prescription are the main reasons behind aggravation of heart failure. The limitation of the study is that the survey sample is not generalized but restricted to lesser number of heart failure patients. The authors specify that further thorough study need to be attempted to derive more concrete evidences for the factors related to health conditions of patients with cardiovascular problems. Stromberg, A., Martenssen, J., Fridlund, B., Levin, L., Karlsson, J.E., Dahlstrom, U. (2003). Nurse-led heart failure clinics improve survival and self-care behaviour in patients with heart failure: results from a prospective, randomised trial. European Heart Journal, 11, 1014-1023. In this article, Stromberg et al. highlighted the advantages of routine follow-up at a nurse led clinic for heart failure patients. The authors studied the impact of follow up on death rate, morbidity and care of ones ownself. Generally, one year after discharge from hospital, the patients reported mild discomfort. Thus, an emergency admission in hospitals was increasing at an alarming rate. For study, authors used total of 106 patients for a routine follow-up at hospital care units. The staffs were well trained in attending cardiac patients and adopted medication based protocol. The initial follow up was scheduled after 2-3 weeks of discharge. The findings suggested positive effects of follow up which promoted quality of life in patients. Hence, nurse led follow up was emphasized for the patients with heart failure problem. Finally, the authors concluded that regular follow up at health care set-ups enhanced survival and self-care behaviour of patients. It reduced the need of readmi ssions and longer stay at hospitals. Consequently, it also reduced number of deaths and requirement of hospital care for the patients. The limitation of this mode of treatment is this method is not suitable for the patients toward the end stage of heart failure. Diagnosis: Chronic heart diseases are a threat to worldwide population. Charlie is overweight, was diagnosed with chronic heart failure two years back and presently has complaints about cardiac problems. All the three sources selected and mentioned above in annotated bibliography aid to manage Charlies case in more appropriate manner. In 2012, McMurray and coworkers developed guidelines and described the immediate steps to be considered while treating heart failure patients. At first, clinical investigations like ECG, echocardiography and laboratory tests are carried out to monitor the patients present heart condition. The guideline gives an overview of different abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns or symptoms which indicate probable heart failure in near future. In case of abnormal reports, the procedure for necessary treatment also has been advised. Amakali reported that edema is an indication of systolic heart failure (Amakali , 2015 ). The aim of the treatment is to alleviate symptoms and signs. This paper adds the steps in diagnosis and treatment for clinical practice which can really help to treat Charlie. The quality of research is superior as it compiles all the available current evidences. The recommendations given in the guidelines are practical. They can be implemented in the clinical practices. In support to the paper, Fermann and group reported that for initial management and therapy of the patients with chronic heart failure, critical signs are used to find out the actual cause of the prevailing condition. They also highlighted that ECG plays a significant role to recognize conditions such as cardiac ischemia (Fermann et al., 2013) which is similar to Charlies case. Heart org is an excellent site which helps in recognizing symptoms of heart failure. (https://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/). Adherence to prescribed bill: Another 2009 article of Murray and coworkers guide us for the possibility of lack of adhesion towards proper treatment. In Charlies case where a past history of chronic heart failure did exist, his condition aggravated because of irregularity in following the course of medication. Thus, this paper highlights a very common problem with cardiac patients. For such patients, this paper suggests the importance of adhering to the planned medication scheme and maintaining it. Negligence toward ones health may have been caused due to socioeconomic issues, improper literacy skills, and unawareness of the health disorder symptoms. Process of hospitalization and healthcare is expensive and people struggle to cope up with the cost. The use of health services is highest among people suffering from chronic illness (Edwards et al., 2014). Keeping in mind the health cost, new concepts have to be designed for delivery of health services, alternative options to manage chronic diseases, and teaching mo des promoting self-care to the patients. Though managing heart failure has altered tremendously with new drugs and advanced tools introduced in the health care industry (Komajda, 2015) which promise to improve quality of life and reduce death rate (Sieck, 2012). Patients have to be guided to follow prescribed medicine and maintain its usage according to the physicians advice. In case of non-availability of particular medicine, alternative option has to be followed strictly without any delay. Adherence to medicine is one way to deal with the diseases and taking medicine is a perception which relatively depends on the success of disease management (Lo et al., 2016). Self-care management: The most important guideline for clinical practice was proposed in 2006 by Stromberg et al. As per this guideline, for accurate monitoring of health conditions, it is most important to be in regular contact with the healthcare professionals even after a fixed time period from discharge. It also works in favor of Charlies case. The burden of hospitalization and re-hospitalization constantly remains as an issue in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Alternatives to reduce hospital processes are timely diagnosis, proper treatment and follow-up and more importantly self-monitoring (Pericas et al., 2013). Special trainings and education programs must be introduced for nurses, so as to provide proper healthcare to the chronic heart patients. Patient centric approach might help patients to enhance self-care confidence and self-management. It has been reported that poor understanding of the patient regarding condition of his own disease increases negative emotional beliefs. The pati ents assume that the disease is out of control; hence self-care management does not actually help (Goodman et al., 2013). Anxiety and depression disorders are found to be higher in heart failure patients than compared to others (Morgan et al., 2014; Costa et al., 2016). My Recommendations: Clinical nurses have to first design and then enforce a care plan with treatment to moderate the symptoms. Patients are to be educated regarding self-assessment and to promote self-care practice among them. We have to make sure that close follow-ups are scheduled for patients with physicians. Thus, improving symptoms and proper assessment to minimize death rate and morbidity enhances stability among chronic heart patients (Fermann et al., 2013). Throughout life, a nurse vows to work for the welfare, comfort and safety of the patients. Care of chronic heart patients will be more meaningful, if a nurse is more prompt in early identification of symptoms, prudent toward the diagnosis, and active in promoting self-care among patients. Self-care by monitoring weight is recommended so as to keep the weight in check. For the positive health outcome of the patients, nurse has to advice modifications in the lifestyle of patients. Wadden and coworkers reported that lifestyle modification comprising of a blend of diet plan, exercise, and psychological therapy for behavioral modification is measured as the initial step for weight administration (Wadden et al., 2013). Diet modifications have to be planned consulting with the dietician and to be included in care plan. References Amakali, K. (2015). Clinical care for the patient with heart failure: A nursing care perspective. Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 4, 142. Costa, E.C.V., Vale, S., Sobral,M., Graca Pereira M. (2016). Illness perceptions are the main predictors of depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with chronic pain. Psychology Health Medicine, 21(4,) 483-495. Edwards, L., Thomas, C., Gregory, A., Yardley, L., O'Cathain, A., Montgomery, A. A., Salisbury, C. (2014). Are people with chronic diseases interested in using telehealth? A cross-sectional postal survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research,16(5), e123 Fermann, G. J., Collins, S. P. (2013). Initial Management of Patients with Acute Heart Failure. Heart Failure Clinics, 9(3), 291vi. Goodman, H., Firouzi, A.,Banya, W., Lau-Walker, M., Cowie, M. R. (2013). Illness perception, self-care behaviour and quality of life of heart failure patients: A longitudinal questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(7), 945-953. Komajda, M. (2015). Current challenges in the management of heart failure. Circulation Journal, 79, 948-953. Lo, S. H. S., Chau, J. P. C., Woo, J., Thompson, D. R., Choi, K. C. (2016). Adherence to Antihypertensive medication in older adults with hypertension. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 31(4), 296-303. Morgan, K., Villiers-Tuthil A., Barker, M., McGee, H. (2014). The contribution to illness perception to psychological distress in heart failure patients. BMC Psychology, 2, 50. Pericas, J. M., Aibar, J., Soler, N., Lopez-Soto, A., Sanclemente-Anso, C., Bosch, X. (2013). Should alternatives to conventional hospitalization be promoted in an era of financial constraints? European Journal of Clinical Investigations, 43(6), 602-615. Sieck, S. (2012). The economics and reimbursement of congestive heart failure. In: W. F. Peacock (Eds,). Short stay management of acute heart failure. (pp.9-32). New York: Humana Press. Wadden, T. A., Volger, S., Tsai, A. G., Sarwer, D. B., Berkowitz, R. I., Diewald, L., Carvajal, R., Moran, C. H., Vetter, M. (2013). Managing Obesity in Primary Care Practice: An Overview and Perspective from the POWER-UP Study. International Journal of Obesity, 37(0 1), S311.

Serial Killings and Mass Murders free essay sample

What are the similarities and differences between serial killers and mass murderers? Why does each of these groups present such a potential danger to society? Serial killers are intelligent people but frustrated and angry with something in their life. They would take their anger out by killing people who have similarities with the person they are frustrated with. Mass murderers on the other hand kills group of people at the same time and most of the time at the same place.Mass murderers motive usually is just to kill so they find location and carry on with their plan. Serial killers and mass murderers have no personal enmity with people they care killing, they are complete strangers, and they become victims to these people because they were told or they are frustrated. These groups are dangerous because they target many innocent people. These victims have nothing to do with these groups but they die for some elses anger. We will write a custom essay sample on Serial Killings and Mass Murders or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mass murders basic mission to kill, they would not care if there are small children in that group.Mass murders are easy to manipulate, as they are angry and are finding ways to let this anger go some way, so at hat time if they hear anyone saying they wish to kill someone, these murders would not even care and go ahead and kill. They wont only kill that person but will kill all those also are with that person. 2. How would a sociologist define deviance? How does the sociological definition of deviance differ from commonly help assumptions? According to sociologist deviance can be a positive or a negative behavior. Negative deviant behavior can be murders, rape, and many more whereas there are some behaviors that are not totally Viviane like speeding ticket, it is not big crime but this behavior is deviant behavior. According to commonly known deviant behavior or deviance means negative or wrong behavior, it means crime. A child not doing their homework or listening to their parents are considered as deviant behavior as well. Society has taken the meaning of deviance in general a small wrong or big crimes both of them are considered deviance.

An Overview of the Process of Balkanization

An Overview of the Process of Balkanization Balkanization is a term used to describe the division or fragmentation of a state or region into smaller, often ethnically similar places. The term can also refer to the disintegration or break-up of other things such as companies, Internet websites or even neighborhoods. For the purposes of this article and from a geographic perspective, balkanization will describe the fragmentation of states and/or regions. In some areas that have experienced balkanization the term describes the collapse of multiethnic states into places that are now ethnically similar dictatorships and have undergone many serious political and social issues such as ethnic cleansing and civil war. As a result, balkanization, especially with regard to states and regions, is typically not a positive term as there is often much political, social and cultural strife that takes place when balkanization occurs. Development of the Term Balkanization Balkanization originally referred to Europe’s Balkan Peninsula and its historic break-up after control by the Ottoman Empire. The term balkanization itself was coined at the end of World War I following this break-up as well as that of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Russian Empire. Since the early 1900s, Europe, as well as other places around the world, have seen both successful and unsuccessful attempts at balkanization and there are still some efforts and discussions of balkanization in some countries today. Attempts at Balkanization In the 1950s and 1960s, balkanization began occurring outside of the Balkans and Europe when several British and French colonial empires began fragmenting and breaking up in Africa. Balkanization was at its height in the early 1990s however when the Soviet Union collapsed and the former Yugoslavia disintegrated. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the countries of Russia, Georgia, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania were created. In the creation of some of these countries, there was often extreme violence and hostility. For example, Armenia and Azerbaijan experience periodic war over their borders and ethnic enclaves. In addition to violence in some, all of these newly created countries have experienced difficult periods of transition in their governments, economies, and societies. Yugoslavia was created out of a combination of over 20 different ethnic groups at the end of World War I. As a result of differences between these groups, there were friction and violence in the country. Following World War II, Yugoslavia began to gain more stability but by 1980 the different factions within the country began fighting for more independence. In the early 1990s, Yugoslavia finally disintegrated after around 250,000 people were killed by war. The countries eventually created out of the former Yugoslavia were Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Slovenia, Macedonia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Kosovo did not declare its independence until 2008 and it is still not recognized as fully independent by the entire world. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia are some of the most successful but also the most violent attempts at balkanization that have taken place. There have also been attempts to balkanize in Kashmir, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Kurdistan, and Iraq. In each of these areas, there are cultural and/or ethnic differences that have caused different factions to want to break away from the main country. In Kashmir, Muslims in Jammu and Kashmir are trying to break away from India, while in Sri Lanka the Tamil Tigers (a separatist organization for the Tamil people) want to break away from that country. People in the southeastern part of Nigeria declared themselves to be the state of Biafra and in Iraq, Sunni and Shiite Muslims fight to break away from Iraq. In addition, Kurdish people in Turkey, Iraq, and Iran have fought to create the State of Kurdistan. Kurdistan is currently not an independent state but it is rather a region with a mostly Kurdish population. Balkanization of America and Europe In recent years there has been talk of the balkanized states of America and of balkanization in Europe. In these cases, the term is not used to describe the violent fragmentation that occurred in places like the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. In these instances, it describes potential divisions based political, economic and social differences. Some political commentators in the United States, for example, claim that balkanized or fragmented because it is special interests with elections in specific areas than with governing the entire country (West, 2012). Because of these differences, there have also been some discussions and separatist movements at the national and local levels. In Europe, there are very large countries with different ideals and opinions and as a result, it has faced balkanization. For example, there have been separatist movements on the Iberian Peninsula and in Spain, particularly in the Basque and Catalan regions (McLean, 2005). Whether in the Balkans or in other parts of the world, violent or not violent, it is clear that balkanization is an important concept that has and will continue to shape the geography of the world.

Economic Development amid the Non (or Semi) Democratic political Term Paper

Economic Development amid the Non (or Semi) Democratic political institutions in Southeast Asia - Term Paper Example There are reports claiming that during the 2008 referendum which concurred with the cyclone Nargis, victims of the cyclone in the cyclone-affected areas were forced to vote ‘yes’ for the national referendum. The Union of Solidarity and Development Association (USDA) which is a non-military/civilian wing of the dictatorship threatened to cut relief supplies or inflict violence to anyone who voted against the proposed constitution. The new constitution was thus supported and enacted with 92.48% of the voters endorsing it. This indicates that despite the presence of opposition, total democracy was far from reach in Burma because these democrats were not likely to win the elections and referendums. These activities were oppressed and controlled by the nondemocratic military regime. Apart from inhuman treatment of the people, there was also a violation of the right of freedom of speech by the military regime. Burma citizens had little power to critic and correct the militaris ed nondemocratic political regime. Zarnagar, a comedian and a dissident was arrested for criticising the ruling generals in public for their sluggish and inadequate response to the cyclone Nargis. He was charged with offences of public order and his computer and many banned films were seized by secret police. When human conditions worsened because of the unmerited fuel price increase in 2007 in Burma, Charles Petrie, the United Nations Burma country chief, issued a statement on UN Day concerning the worsening humanitarian crisis in Burma. Because of this, he was expelled. Generally, the militarised nondemocratic government reinforced its rule by making use of pervasive security apparatus with Directorate of Defense Services Intelligence (DDSI), the military intelligence organization... The intention of this study is Burma as an example of how the economy of a nation can suffer because of poor leadership styles. For about half a century, the country has been under a militarized nondemocratic government which has grown to become more and more oppressive over time. the country has witnessed one of the worst violations of human rights because of a bad political regime. In efforts to maintain thumb of rule in the country the regime formulated poor and unattractive economic policies which have discouraged both local and foreign investment in the country. The land policies have acted as disincentives for the people to undertake land development and this has retarded the competitiveness of the nation’s agriculture. There are many and powerful global examples of highly developed nations that are ruled by democratic civilian governments. The US, UK, Canada, South Africa are just but a mention. This means that there are hopes that the end of the nondemocratic militari zed regime will bring Burma back on the road to development. Economic development is an important prerequisite for greater stability, prosperity, equality, stability, and better livelihoods. With the recent advent of the new Burma’s civilian, democratic government, it is of due significance that the international community should help direct the new Burma’s government into achieving economic developments that are sustainable. This will be very instrumental in ensuring that the repressed people of Burma receive the right food, education, health, security and happiness they deserve.

Companies must develop effective Crisis Communication techniques to Essay - 1

Companies must develop effective Crisis Communication techniques to respond to problems or dangers - Essay Example It is preferable for the organizations to prepare themselves for facing the crises situation, by arranging for various effective crisis communication or techniques. The study would be reflecting the significance of crises communication techniques in terms of handling crises situations within the organizations. Crises Communication: Concept and significance In order to prevent them from facing any crises situation, every organization plans for effective crises communication techniques. Crises communication is mainly the sub specialty of the strategy associated with the public relation activity, which is planned, designed and implemented for protecting any organization from facing any sort of challenge harmful for its reputation (Greenberg and Elliott, 2009). Such a challenge might include any sort of immoral allegation, media inquiry, inquiry from any government agency etc. As already stated above almost every organization is vulnerable to face crises situation once in its overall ope rational life time. It becomes very important for the organizations to prepare them for these crises situation. If they fail to plan for effective crises communication strategies within time then it would result in incurring more damage for them. The crises management plans should be efficient enough to address to the communication issues linked with the crises or disastrous situation. If the companies do not prepare themselves for the crises situation, then it would result in a number of negative outcomes for them, such as: The operational response will get disturbed. The stakeholders will become totally confused, annoyed and react in a negative manner. The solution to such crises situation either will not be reached by the companies or will take long time to get resolved. It is often the joint effort of a large number of online platforms along with the common people who victimize the organizations and guarantees to the fact that they face crises situation by spreading harmful mess ages, which negatively impacts their reputation. These messages are often termed as ‘rumours’. The art of dragging an organization into worst situation is such that if somehow the messages that are spread are found as true, then the victimized companies would be dragged to distrustful corner without giving them a single chance of collecting relevant evidences to prove themselves innocent. In case of an urgent situation, the organizations should communicate with the customers, stakeholders and media instead of avoiding such a circumstance. Avoidance to the crises situation results in increasing distrust of the customers, employees and other stakeholders. Thus, the organizations should be ready with communication plans for handling such situations by communicating with the internal and external stakeholders in an accurate and prompt manner. They should be reached in such manner that they appear to be the priority for the organizations holding high value. In case of any cr isis situation, the first impact on the customers, employees as well as other stakeholders is that they start clarifying how it would affect them and their position in the market. The crises communication strategies of the organizations must have the ability to satisfy them with proper replies to all their demanding queries. It is the effectiveness of the crises communication techniques, which determine whether the organizations’ reputation would be impacted negatively or not. An appropriate communication str

Medical Marijuana Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Medical Marijuana - Research Paper Example It was marred with political motives and manipulations. Not all facts were presented. The long-proven therapeutic use of marijuana was not made known to the public. Rather, it was consciously and systematically put aside by emphasizing and worse exaggerating the harmful effects of marijuana. In short, marijuana was demonized driven by political and economic reasons. Since then, the criminalization of drug abuse has become not only legally but also morally right and the war on drugs has become not only a civic but also a moral duty. As a consequence, small drug offenders filled correctional facilities, causing not only human rights abuses in and outside corrections but also causing the Federal State coffer to bleed unnecessarily; urban violence between drug users/pushers and law enforcers heightened, entailing greater police visibility, capability, and sophistication which means bigger budget allocation for efficient law enforcement; and drug operations went underground, not only making law enforcement more difficult but also denying the government millions of potential taxes while enriching drug cartels and crooked law enforcers and legislators. Other than this, the criminalization of marijuana has also deprived patients of a potent alternative medicine that could be less expensive than those being produced by profit-oriented pharmaceutical com panies. Within this context, this paper argues for the legalization of medical marijuana because it is more economically beneficial than it is socially costly. Marijuana is a Spanish-American term originally used to refer specifically to tobacco, but was used later in South and North America to refer generally to cannabis (Iversen 26). This reference change must have been due to the fact that marijuana comes from the Cannabis or hemp plant, named scientifically as Cannabis sativa in 1735 by the well-known Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus, making it an officially classified species (5). Marijuana was

Evaluate the concept of normal and abnormal behaviour

Evaluate the concept of normal and abnormal behaviour To most people abnormality is described as being different from other people in other words it is seen as different from what is recognised as normal or unusual in society. Psychologists have described several approaches for standard behaviour but an evaluation of three different categories and their concept is going to be discussed. Different societies have their own set standards of behaviour and attitudes so anything that would fall outside the set criteria would be considered to be abnormal, psychologically referred to as deviation from social norms. Another theory of abnormality can be explained by referring to people who deviate from statistical norms. This definition groups people together, based on certain measured characteristics, and put this information into a distribution pattern to classify whether people fit into the average, or whether they fall outside the average, for example, if intelligence quotient is measured, the results would show that on average most people would fall around the middle, so those with either low or high scores statistically would be considered to be abnormal, though the assumption of intelligence can be portrayed in tow ways, for example if a person has a high IQ , they are regarded positively and do not fall in the abnormal criteria, whereas if others fall under the low score there are viewed negatively and therefore considered to be abnormal. Physical examples can also be taken into account, especially in terms of height or foot size. In other words manufacturers would produce products accord ing to the statistical numbers that fall into the normal criteria. Psychologists do have an overall assumption of how mental health, gender and culture issues are referred to statistically. Though they are several factors of mental health problems, there some such as anxiety or depression which are statistically considered to be normal human conditions whereas, if one is clinically disorganised with severe anxiety, or found to be clinically depressed can be described as someone with a mental disorder which is abnormal in a statistical sense. In terms of gender, some psychologists have argued that males are less likely to consult their doctors when suffering from mental disorders, which makes the females score highly in statistical data. Bennett (1995) believed that this would be due to matters of socialisation especially in industrialised societies. In regards to culture Cohen (1988) gave a description of how Indian mental patients are highly discriminated, so this would leave many patients without seeking any clinically help for their mental disord ers so this would lead to wrong statistical measures. Another definition would refer to those people whose behaviour is maladaptive or dangerous. This looks at the effects of the behaviour problems either to the wellbeing of an individual or any social group. We have to remember that defining abnormality is usually limited by cultural differences. This means that what may be classed as normal in one culture could be defined as extremely abnormal in another and this limits the definitions accuracy in being able to define abnormality as a whole so the three definitions above do not consider cultural differences. The concept of abnormal can be brought to a conclusion by evaluating the above approaches as they all help society identify abnormalities in other individuals which helps promote an overall safe living environment. For example, if an individual deviates from social norms, adequate help may be given to them as soon as their behaviour is detected from what is considered to be normal but on the other hand defining abnormality as deviation from social norms, can be used to justify the removal of those people who are considered to be abnormal from society. Statistically, it has been found out that though statistical frequency or infrequency is important to the population it is not effective when applied to mental disorders, so this makes it difficult to determine what is normal in the statistical sense. ANALYSE THE DIFFICULTIES INVOLVED IN DIAGNOSING MENTAL ILLNESS AND DISCUSS THEIR USEFULLNESS. A neurological examination, which helps physicians identify structural and psychiatric abnormality is usually carried out on patients with psychiatric disorders, and later gives an understanding of the wellbeing of the persons brain, mental function, nerves and muscles. Psychologists have developed two classification systems that help classify abnormality into mental disorders and also diagnose them clinically. They are known as Diagnostic statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM) and the International Classification of The Causes of disease and Health Related Problems (ICD). Both these systems classify abnormal patterns of thinking, behaviour and emotion into mental illnesses. A significant feature of the DSM classification is the 5-axis diagnostic system, which gives a systematic evaluation of the patient and then gives a full account on the general medical condition of the patient or personality disorders, psychosocial and environment problems, as well as the level of functioning of the individual. The ICD on the on the other hand includes diagnoses for all the systems in the human body and is not popularly used in clinics as the DSM. Both classifications have the same e definition of mental disorders, so they both have their focus on the patients personal distress other than on what the rest of society react to any type of behaviour of the individual. The above classifications tend to be objective, but in society fear arises to the fact that those individuals who are classified and their families may be prejudiced against. The approach of classifications has been approved for its successfulness to the treatment of physical illnesses but not is found not to be very effective in treating mental disorders and this is because symptoms from those suffering with mental illnesses are usually subjective, meaning it is always what they feel and this may be diverse between individuals. Psychiatrists and clinical psychologists have very limited information to assess the well being of an individual compared to those who treat physical illnesses, for they carry out extra laboratory examinations like x-rays and blood tests to find the symptoms and then diagnose the individual. This shows that cause of a disease in mental patients is partially known whereas in those patients with physical disorders causes are fully known. David Rosenhan (1973) carried out a study on eight people who were normal but complained of hearing voices, they were diagnosed with schizophrenia, so he argued that psychiatrists could only rely on their observation methods because they could not verify the patients symptoms. Therefore he drew a conclusion that psychiatric classification could be very inaccurate. Scheff (1966) also criticised the classification method in his labelling of theory. He argued that a psychiatric label to a patient may worsen their condition, because they might be treated as though they are mentally ill. On the other hand, psychologists have found it advantageous, and insist that DSM classification has helped in terms of developing and understanding the causes of mental illnesses in different patients. According to Gelder et el. (1996), The use of classification can certainly be combined with consideration of a patients unique qualities, indeed it is important to combine the two.{Pg 648 Eysenck M, (2000) Psychology A Students Handbook, Psychology Press}. According to ICD classification, 11 major categories can be identified for mental disorders. But they are found to be more general than those of DSM. Therefore, it has some extent of reliability, but very limited information on its validity. EVALUATE THE USEFULNESS OF DIFFERENT MODELS OF ABNORMAL BEHAVIOUR The models of abnormality are theories that help to describe the cause of psychological disorders. There four models known as Biological, Psychodynamic, Behavioural and Cognitive approaches, and each model has a distinct view which helps to provide extra research and treatment approaches as a result. However, psychologists have split views in terms of analysing the disorders; some believe that disorders must originate from psychological causes whilst others believe that the disorders could be based on biological causes. A brief description and an evaluation is going to be looked at for both, Biomedical and Psychodynamic models and an outline of their usefulness will also be accounted for. Biological psychologists would explain that mental disorders are the consequences of biological systems due to the fact that, they regard abnormal behaviour in terms of abnormal biology. In fact the biological model is also known as the medical model because it categorises abnormality as a physical condition and it is the model that addresses mental disorder as an illness. Since it is see seen from the perspective of medicine, its concept for mental disorders, resemble that of physical illnesses, which means psychological disorders have under lying biological or biochemical causes. These are thought to arise from Infection by germs, inherited systemic defect, neurochemical factors and effects of trauma. The Psychodynamic model, was developed by Freud, though some of other psychologists changed some of its emphasis, most of the original assumption for this model is still actively used. Freud believed that humans are born with the id part of our personality and later on in life when people socialise into the moral standards of their culture then our super ego is developed. Freud explained that a well adjusted person develops a strong ego and therefore able to manage their personality. Although the biological approach is known to have fairly witnessed astonishing success in treating mental disorders with drug cures, it has also been criticised for having its main focus on the symptoms and therefore whenever drugs are stopped, the symptoms return which means the root of the problem is not being addressed. This approach tends to use classification systems such as DSM and ICD which have been doubted for their consistency and validity. Its scientific standing and links with medicine, the medical model is known to have gained popularity and credibility, but on the other hand danger of over diagnosis of mental illness and long dependency on drugs, which risks severe side effects, has also been addressed. The Psychodynamic model on the other hand has also been criticised for its validity, the fact that it carries out clinical interview and case studies for its experiments, it does not subject to scientific, empirical analysis. This means the central forces of the brain are unconscious, therefore making it difficult to directly be observed. Its theory is referred to as deterministic because it finds childhood attachments to parents, in the very early stages is crucial for personality development. Apart from the above criticism, the model is identified as the origin of modern day cures. . DESCRIBE AND EVALUATE THE MAIN APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF MENTAL ILLNESS. The biological model treats mental disorders as physical illnesses. Somatic drugs such as minor and major tranquillizers or antidepressants are widely used. Chemotherapy is also regarded as effective and the main treatment of mental illnesses because of the assumption that chemical balance is the main cause of the problem. However, some psychologists have disagreed, and assume that the chemical imbalance to be the effect, rather than the cause of mental problems. For the Psychodynamic model, Freud developed a method of treatment called psychoanalysis, which is a type of therapy that seeks to uncover the underlying causes of abnormal behaviour. The belief was that unresolved emotional conflicts from early childhood could be withdrawn, so by talking to bring out and work through unconscious conflicts would bring it out to the conscious level and therefore be dealt with accordingly. It is also believed within the psychodynamic theory, that the unconscious can be revealed in dreams, so analysis of dreams is one of the techniques used in the treatment of mental disorders in psychodynamic theory. DESCRIBE AND EVALUATE PRACTICAL AND ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THERAPIES AND TREATMENTS

Odysseus in The Odyssey Essay -- Papers Odyssey Homer Essays

Odysseus in The Odyssey Odysseus is the main character in an epic poem called the Odyssey. In the poem Odysseus has had some bad luck getting home, with some of the gods helping him and some hindering him; his journey towards home is a constant struggle. In this poem we see a man being broke and rebuilt, through constant irony his faith was damaged and without the help of Athena he probably would have given up on his journey. Through his hard work and wise spirit he finally does achieve his goal. Odysseus must journey from Troy to his homeland of Ithaca. Throughout this journey Odysseus experiences a lot of inconsistent emotions. A lot of this is attributed to the physical and mental hell he goes through on this remarkable journey. With the help of the Gods he finally does return to Ithaca. Odysseus arrives on the shore of Phaecia, in Book VI of the Odyssey. His most helpful and favorable goddess has sent Nausicaa a dream compelling her to wash clothes in preparation for an upcoming marriage. Athena makes Nausicaa brave and Odysseus handsome bringing them together in order to assist Odysseus to the house of the king. Athena said ? How so remiss, and yet thy mothers daughter? Leaving thy clothes uncared for, Nausikaa, when thou must have store a marriage linen, and put thy minstresly in wedding dress? (Book 6). In this book is an example of the gods assisting Odysseus, which compels me to question how great Odysseus really was? A god can make even a coward a hero (not saying Odysseus was a coward). Almost everything is done to help Odysseus and so he is fortunate to have the support of the gods especially in this book. ?But Athena poured a sea of fog around him as he went her loves expedient, that no jeer... ...he gods commands and travels inward till no man has seen the ocean. Carrying his large oar across his back and placing it in the dirt where a man asks him if the oar is a widowing fan. Odysseus is very wise. It would have been easy to have stayed at home and rested, but he knew what happened to people who did not obey the gods. In Conclusion, I have laid out some evidence showing Odysseus?s strength?s, Bravery, and faith. Also I have given examples of his dependency of the gods. I don?t believe anyone would argue that Odysseus was not a great man. Although I argue that he was still only a man. Between all of his hardships and troubles I will grant that he never lost faith and never chose a fate other than home. Works Cited Homer. ?The Odyssey,? World Masterpieces: Expanded Edition. Maynard Mack ed. Ed. Coptic St.: Prentice, 1995. 219-503.